Underground construction

Major impacts
  • Analytical and numerical methods for tunnel support design
  • Cost, time, and resource prediction subject to uncertainties
  • Optimization of construction networks
Research areas
Related publications

Ketwal, A., Einstein, H.H., and Rostami, J. (2023). Combining the CSM2020 discrete event simulation model with Decision Aid in Tunneling (DAT) to develop a robust approach for the estimation of completion time for TBM tunnels. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 138, August 2023, 105156. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2023.105156

Bobet, A., and Einstein, H.H. (2023). Tunnel Design Methods. ISBN 9781032358444. 626 Pages. Published by CRC Press. www.routledge.com/Tunnel-Design-Methods/Bobet-Einstein/p/book/9781032358444

Sousa, R.L., and Einstein, H.H. (2021). Lessons from accidents during tunnel construction. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 113, 103916. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2021.103916

Rodriguez Garcia, G., Michau, G., Einstein, H.H., and Fink, O. (2021). Decision support system for an intelligent operator of utility tunnel boring machines. Automation in Construction, 131, November 2021, 103880. doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103880

Einstein, H.H., and Sousa, R.L. (2021). Decision analysis applied to natural hazards. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Probabilistic Workshop. IPW 2021. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Vol. 153. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73616-3_1

Einstein, H.H., Descoeudres, F., and Dudt, J.-P. (2019). Application of the Decision Aids for Tunneling in the Gotthard and Lötschberg Base Tunnel Projects, Part 2 – Lötschberg Base Tunnel, other transalpine tunnels and further development. Swiss Bull. angew. Geol., 24 (2), 43-54.

Einstein, H.H., Descoeudres, F., and Dudt, J.-P. (2019). Application of the Decision Aids for Tunneling in the Gotthard and Lötschberg Base Tunnel Projects, Part 1 – Gotthard Base Tunnel. Swiss Bull. angew. Geol., 24 (1), 81-100.

Costa, A.L., Sousa, R.L., and Einstein, H.H. (2018). Probabilistic 3D alignment optimization of underground transport infrastructure integrating GIS-based subsurface characterization. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 72, 233–241. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2017.11.027

Costa, A.L., da Conceição Cunha, M., Coelho, P.A.L.F., and Einstein, H.H. (2018). Planning for natural hazards: Robust approach for high-speed rail infrastructure. Natural Hazards Review, 19 (1), February 2018. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000277

Einstein, H.H., Al Kaabi, M., Chan, M.H. Costa, A., Dudt, J.-P., Haas, C., Indermitte, C., Karam, K., Kollarou, C., Martzer, C., Min, S., Ritter, S., Sousa, R., and Yost, K. (2017). Risk determination for tunnels and other networked infrastructure. In J. Huang, G.A. Fenton, L.Zhang & D. V. Griffiths (Eds.): Geo-Risk 2017: Geotechnical Risk Assessment and Management. Proceedings of Geo-Risk 2017, 6th International Symposium on Geotechnical Risk and Safety, 4-7 June 2017, Denver, Colorado, USA. doi:10.1061/9780784480724.032

Sousa, R.L., Karam, K., Costa, A.L., and Einstein, H.H. (2016). Exploration and decision-making in geotechnical engineering – a case study. 10th anniversary special issue of Georisk, 11 (1), 129-145. doi:10.1080/17499518.2016.1250916

Moret, Y., and Einstein, H.H. (2016). Construction cost and duration uncertainty model: Application to high-speed rail line project. Construction Engineering and Management, 142 (10). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001161

Min, S., and Einstein, H.H. (2016). Resource scheduling and planning for tunneling with a new resource model of the Decision Aids for Tunneling (DAT). Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 51, 212–225. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.038

Einstein, H.H., and Sousa, R.L. (2016). Construction and operation of tunnels in the urban environment – A risk based approach. (Keynote Lecture.) In: Proceedings of the International Geotechnics Symposium cum International Meeting of CSRME 14th Biennial National Congress, 12-17 December, Hong Kong, China. Abstracts

Costa, A.L., da Conceição Cunha, M., Coelho, P.A.L.F., and Einstein, H.H. (2016). Decision support systems for real-world high-speed rail planning. Transportation Engineering, 142 (5). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000837

Yost, K., Valentin, A., and Einstein, H.H. (2015). Estimating cost and time of wellbore drilling for Engineered Geothermal Systems (EGS) – Considering uncertainties. Geothermics, 53, 11-19. doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.04.005

Kaewunruen, S., Sussman, J.M., and Einstein, H.H. (2015). Strategic framework to achieve carbon-efficient construction and maintenance of railway infrastructure systems. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 3. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2015.00006

Iglesia, G.R., and Einstein, H.H. (2015). Closure to “Investigation of Soil Arching with Centrifuge Tests”. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 141 (7). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001276

Al-Kaabi, M., Costa, A., Sousa, R.L., and Einstein, H.H. (2015). Decision support system for tunnelling construction: Abu Dhabi case study. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Arabian Tunnelling Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, UAE, 2015.

Oglesby, K., Woskov, P., Einstein, H.H., and Livesay, B. (2014). Deep Geothermal Drilling Using Millimeter Wave Technology. Final technical research report, 30 September 2011 – 30 September 2014, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prepared for USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office under Contract no. EE0005504, December 2014. doi:10.2172/1169951

Iglesia, G.R., Einstein, H.H., and Whitman, R.V. (2014). Investigation of Soil Arching with Centrifuge Tests. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 140 (2). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000998

Einstein, H.H., and Vecchiarelli, A. (2014). Further Development and Application of GEOFRAC-FLOW to a Geothermal Reservoir. Final report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (131 pages). Prepared for USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office under Contract no. EE0002743, Recovery Act – Decision Aids for Geothermal Systems, May 2014. doi:10.2172/1236455

Ritter, S., Einstein, H.H., and Galler, R. (2013). Planning the handling of tunnel excavation material – A process of decision making under uncertainty. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 33, 193-201. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2012.08.009

Low, B.K., and Einstein, H.H. (2013). Reliability analysis of roof wedges and rockbolt forces in tunnels. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 38, 1-10. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2013.04.006

Einstein, H.H., Min, S., and Moret, Y. (2013). Discussion of “Role of Simulation in Construction Engineering and Management” by Simaan AbouRizk. Construction Engineering and Management, 139 (2), 251-252. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000360

Delisio, A., Zhao, J., and Einstein, H.H. (2013). Analysis and prediction of TBM performance in blocky rock conditions at the Lötschberg Base Tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 33, 131-142. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2012.06.015

Costa, A.L., da Conceição Cunha, M., Coelho, P.A.L.F., and Einstein, H.H. (2013). Solving high-speed rail planning with the simulated annealing algorithm. Transportation Engineering, 139 (6), 635-642. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000542

Sousa, R.L., and Einstein, H.H. (2012). Risk analysis during tunnel construction using Bayesian networks: Porto Metro case study. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 27 (1), 86-100. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2011.07.003

Moret, Y., and Einstein, H.H. (2012). Experience in expert estimation of probabilities and correlations for rail line construction (Technical Note). Construction Engineering and Management, 138 (9), 1103-1106. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000505

Moret, Y., and Einstein, H.H. (2012). Modeling correlations in rail line constructionConstruction Engineering and Management, 138 (9), 1075-1084. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000507

Einstein, H.H., Yost, K., and Valentin, A. (2012). Decision Aids for Tunneling Applied to Wellbore Cost and Time Estimation. Final report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prepared for USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office under Contract no. EE0002743, Recovery Act – Decision Aids for Geothermal Systems, 2012.

Moret, Y., and Einstein, H.H. (2011). Cost and time correlations in linear infrastructure construction. In M.H. Faber, J. Köhler & K. Nishijima (eds): Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP11, 1-4 August 2011, Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 788-796. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. ISBN 978-0203144794 (eBook)

Laughton, C., Bobet, A., Einstein, H.H., Glaser, S., Hladysz, Z., and Wang, J. (2011). Engineering research at the United States Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory, in the footprint of the Homestake Mine. In: Proceedings of the SME Annual Meeting & Exhibit and CMA 113th National Western Mining Confrence, 28 February-2 March 2011, Denver, Colorado, USA, no. 11-076.

Einstein, H.H. (2011). The Decision Aids for Tunneling (DAT): a Brief Review. Journal of Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association, 3 (3), 37-49.

Bobet, A., and Einstein, H.H. (2011). Tunnel reinforcement with rockbolts. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 26 (1), 100-123. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2010.06.006

Costa, A.L., Coelho, P., Cunha, M., and Einstein, H.H. (2010). Tools for high-speed rail planning optimization: preliminary developments of a case study. In: General Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Transport Research, 11-15 July 2010, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal. Leeds: World Conference on Transport Research Society. ISBN 978-9899698604

Moret, Y., Sousa, R., and Einstein, H.H. (2009). The Decision Aids for Tunneling – Introduction and recent applications in Portugal. In R. Delgado, A. Campos e Matos, R. Calçada, L. Ribeiro e Sousa & A. Topa Gomes (Eds): Proceedings of the Tunnels for High-Speed Railways Workshop, 1-2 October 2009, Porto, Portugal. Porto: FEUP. ISBN 978-9727521128

Einstein, H.H., Miller, J., and Silva, B. (2009). Experimental and Analytical Research on Fracture Processes in Rock. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Final report no. DOE/GO/16061-1, February 2009. Prepared for USDOE Office of Geothermal Technologies under Contract no. FG36-06GO16061. doi:10.2172/948451

Einstein, H.H. (2009). The Decision Aids for Tunneling – Recent applications and development. Special lecture. In L. Lamas, A.G. Correia, T.F.S. Miranda, R. Resende & B. Figueiredo (eds): Proceedings of Seminário Aspectos Geotécnicos do Projecto, Construção, Exploração e Análise de Risco em Obras Subterrâneas | Livro de Atas, 10-11 December 2009, Lisbon, Portugal. Lisbon: Sociedade Portuguesa de Geotecnia.

Min, S.Y., Kim, T.K., Lee, J.S., and Einstein, H.H. (2008). Design and construction of a road tunnel in Korea including application of the Decision Aids for Tunneling – A case study. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 23 (2), 91-102. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2007.01.003

Bobet, A., and Einstein, H.H. (2008). Deep tunnels in Clay Shales: Evaluation of key properties for short and long term support. In: Proceedings of GeoCongress 2008, 9-12 March, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. doi:10.1061/40972(311)58

Suwansawat, S., and Einstein, H.H. (2007). Describing settlement troughs over twin tunnels using a superposition technique. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133 (4), 445-468. doi:10.1061/1090-0241(2007)133:4(445)

Sousa, R., and Einstein, H.H. (2007). Risk analysis for tunnelling projects using Bayesian networks. In: Proceedings of the 11th ISRM Congress, 9-13 July, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 1301-1304. ISRM-11CONGRESS-2007-282

Karam, K.S., Karam, J.S., and Einstein, H.H. (2007). Decision analysis applied to tunnel exploration planning. II: Consideration of uncertainty. Construction Engineering and Management, 133 (5), 354-363. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2007)133:5(354)

Karam, K.S., Karam, J.S., and Einstein, H.H. (2007). Decision analysis applied to tunnel exploration planning. I: Principles and case study. Construction Engineering and Management, 133 (5), 344-353. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2007)133:5(344)

Einstein, H.H. (2008). Reducing uncertainty through updating – from experiments to the observational method. In: Proceedings of the 11th ISRM Congress, 9-13 July, Lisbon, Portugal. ISRM-11CONGRESS-2007-294

Suwansawat, S., and Einstein, H.H. (2006). Artificial neural networks for predicting the maximum surface settlement caused by EPB shield tunneling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 21 (2), 133–150. doi:10.1016/j.tust.2005.06.007

Min, S.Y., Einstein, H.H., Lee, J.S., and Lee, H.S. (2005). Application of the Decision Aids for Tunneling (DAT) to update excavation cost/time information. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 9 (4), 335-346. doi:10.1007/BF02829047

Einstein, H.H. (2004). Decision Aids for Tunneling: Update. Transportation Research Record, 1892, 199-207. doi:10.3141/1892-21

Duzgun, H.S.B., and Einstein, H.H. (2004). Assessment and management of roof fall risks in underground coal mines. Safety Science, 42 (1), 23-41. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(02)00067-X

To, A.C., Ernst, H., and Einstein, H.H. (2003). Lateral load capacity of drilled shafts in jointed rock. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 129 (8), 711-726. doi:10.1061/1090-0241(2003)129:8(711)

Min, S., Kim, T.K., Einstein, H.H., Lee, J.S., and Kim, H.Y. (2003). A study on construction simulation of road tunnel using Decision Aids for Tunneling (DAT). Journal of Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association, 5 (2), 161-174.

Min, S.Y., Einstein, H.H., Lee, J.S., and Kim, T.K. (2003). Application of Decision Aids for Tunneling (DAT) to a drill & blast tunnel. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 7 (5), 619-628. doi:10.1007/BF02838325

Löw, S., and Einstein, H.H. (2003). Building the world’s largest rail tunnel. Geotimes, February 2003. Retrieved from http://www.geotimes.org/feb03/feature_tunnel.html

Haas, C., and Einstein, H.H. (2002). Updating the Decision Aids for Tunneling. Construction Engineering and Management, 128 (1), 40-48. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2002)128:1(40)

Vinard, P., Bobet, A., and Einstein, H.H. (2001). Generation and evolution of hydraulic underpressures at Wellenberg, Switzerland. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106 (B12), 30593-30605. doi:10.1029/2001JB000327

Einstein, H.H. (2000). Decision making under uncertainty by the owner. In: Proceedings of the North American Tunneling Conference (L. Ozdemir, ed.), 6-11 June 2000, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 53-68. Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN 978-9058091628

Dudt, J.-P., Descoeudres, F., Einstein, H.H., and Egger, P. (2000). Instruments d’aide à la décision pour la construction de tunnels appliqués à la comparaison d’offres d’enterprises (Decision Aids for Tunneling applied to a comparison of construction bids). In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Decision Making in Urban and Civil Engineering, 20-22 December 2000, Lyon, France, pp. 1183-1188.

Einstein, H.H., Indermitte, C., Sinfield, J.V., Descoeudres, F., and Dudt, J.-P. (1999). Decision Aids for Tunnelling. Transportation Research Record, 1656, 6-13. doi:10.3141/1656-02

Xu, S., Grasso, P., Mahtab, M.A., and Einstein, H.H. (1998). Decision Aids in Tunneling. 10th anniversary issue of World Tunnelling and Subsurface Excavation. London, England: Mining Journal. ISSN 0956-8700

Sinfield, J.V., and Einstein, H.H. (1998). Tunnel construction costs for tube transportation systems. Construction Engineering and Management, 124 (1), 48-57. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(1998)124:1(48)

Einstein, H.H., and Testoni, P. (1998). Swiss Trans-Alpine Tunnel Projects. In U.W. Kitzinger and E.G. Frankel (eds.): Macro-Engineering and the Earth: World Projects for Year 2000 and Beyond, Chapter 13, 147–162. Woodhead Publishing Limited, 1998. ISBN: 978-1898563594 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-898563-59-4.50021-0

Einstein, H.H., Indermitte, C.A., Sinfield, J.V., Descoeudres, F., Dudt, J.-P., Grasso, P., and Mahtab, M.A. (1998). Creating the basis for risk assessment in tunneling – the Decision Aids for Dunnelling (DAT). In: Proceedings of the Conference on Reducing Risk in Tunnel Design and Construction, 7–8 December 1998, Basel, Switzerland. Independent Technical Conferences Ltd., Bredford, UK.

Bobet, A., Aristorenas, G., and Einstein, H.H. (1998). Feasibility analysis for a radioactive waste repository tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 13 (4), 409-426. doi:10.1016/S0886-7798(98)00084-4

Bobet, A., Aristorenas, G., and Einstein, H.H. (1998). Feasibility analysis for a radioactive waste repository tunnel. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 13 (4) (1998), pp. 409-426.

Einstein, H.H., Bobet, A., and Vinard, P. (1997). Study of the underpressures at Wellenberg. Prepared for NAGRA (Nationale Gesellschaft für die Lagerung radioaktiver Abfälle), Switzerland. MIT internal report, 1997.

Bobet, A., and Einstein, H.H. (1997). Mechanized tunneling in squeezing ground – From basic thoughts to continuous tunneling. In Tunnels for people: proceedings of World Tunnel Congress ’97 (J. Golser, W.H., Hinkel, W. Schubert, eds.), 23rd General Assembly of the International Tunneling Association, 12-17 April 1997, Vienna, Austria, pp. 619-632. Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN 9789054108689

Sinfield, J., and Einstein, H.H. (1996). Evaluation of tunneling technology using the Decision Aids for Tunneling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 11(4), 491–504. doi:10.1016/S0886-7798(96)89245-5

Einstein, H.H., and Testoni, P. (1996). Swiss trans-alpine tunnel projects. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Macro Engineering in the 21st Century, 24-27 October 1996, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Einstein, H.H., Dudt J.P., Halabe, V.B., and Descoeudres, F. (1996). Geologic uncertainties in tunneling. In: Uncertainty in the Geologic Environment: from Theory to Practice, proceedings of Uncertainty ’96, a specialty conference of the ASCE Geotechnical Engineering Division, July 31-August 3, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Geotechnical Special Publication 58 (C.D. Shackelford et al., eds.), pp. 239-253. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1996. ISBN 978-0784401880

Einstein, H.H. (1996). Risk and risk analysis in rock engineering. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 11 (2), 141-155. doi:10.1016/0886-7798(96)00014-4

Sinfield, J.V., and Einstein, H.H. (1995). Tube Tunnel Construction Cost and Time. Research report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (83 pages and Appendices A through I). Prepared for the Federal Highway Administration.

Einstein, H.H., Bobet, A., and Aristorenas, G. (1995). Feasibility Study Opalinuston. Prepared for NAGRA (Nationale Gesellschaft für die Lagerung radioaktiver Abfälle), Switzerland. MIT report NIB 95-61 A, B, C, 1995.

Einstein, H.H. (1995). Risk and risk analysis in rock engineering. Keynote lecture. In: Proceedings of the Swedish Rock Mechanics Day, Stockholm, Sweden, 1995. Also in: Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 11 (2), 141-155. doi:10.1016/0886-7798(96)00014-4

Chiaverio, F., Einstein, H.H., and Köppel, U. (1995). Risk analysis for the Adler tunnel. Tunnels and Tunneling, 26 (11), 28-30.

Chiaverio, F., Einstein, H.H., and Köppel, U. (1995). Risikoanalyse beim Adlertunnel. (Risk analysis for the Adler tunnel.) Schweizer Ingenieur und Architekt, 113, 50-55. Retrieved from http://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=sbz-003:1995:113::944#1080

Koumal, G, and Einstein, H.H. (1994). Crossing the Bering Strait to open up the northern treasure chest. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium on Strait Crossings (J. Krokeborg, ed.), 12-15 June 1994, Ålesund, Norway. Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN 978-9054103882

Einstein, H.H. (1994). Comments and recommendations on design and analysis procedures for structures in argillaceous swelling rock. International Society for Rock Mechanics Commission on Swelling Rock (H.H. Einstein: coordinator). International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 31 (5), 535-546. doi:10.1016/0148-9062(94)90155-4

Peterson, C.R., and Einstein (1993). Manufacturing underground space. In: Proceedings of the 1993 NSF Design and Manufacturing Systems Conference, 6-8 January 1993, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. Published by National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Nelson, P.P., Peterson, C.R., Einstein, H.H., and Hood, M. (1992). Manufacturing underground space. In: Proceedings of international congress Towards New Worlds in Tunneling / Hacia Nuevos Mundos en Tuneles (L. Vieitez-Utesa, ed.), vol.1, Acapulco, Mexico, pp. 29-36. Published by CRC Press, 1992. ISBN 978-9054100515

Einstein, H.H., Dudt J.P., Halabe, V.B., and Descoeudres, F. (1992). Decision Aids in Tunneling: Principle and Practical Application. Monograph, 19 pages. Published by the Swiss Federal Office of Transportation, Bern, Switzerland.

Johnston, J.C., and Einstein, H.H. (1990). A survey of mining associated rockbursts. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines (C. Fairhurst, ed.), Minneapolis, Minnesota, 8-10 June 1988, pp. 121-127. Balkema, Rotterdam, 1990, 439 pages. ISBN 9061911451

Van Eeckhout, E.M., Albright, J.N., Einstein, H.H., French, R., and O’Brien, J. (1987). Rock Mass Property Characterization for Underground Basing of Defense Facilities. Technical report no. LA-11144-MS, 174 pages, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Springfield, Virginia, 1987. LANL Library (PDF)

Einstein, H.H., Salazar, G.F., , A.F., Kim, Y.W., and Ioannou, P.G. (1987). Computer-based decision support systems for underground construction. In: Proceedings of the Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, 14-18 June 1987. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1987.

Salazar, G.F., and Einstein, H.H. (1986). SIMSUPER5: Tunneling construction simulation. In: Proceedings of the ASCE Fall Convention in Boston, Massachusetts, October 27-31, 1986. ASCE library

Ushijima, R.S., and Einstein, H.H. (1985). Application of a three-dimensional coupled finite element – boundary element method. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Rock Masses: Modeling of Underground Openings, Probability of Slope Failure, Fracture of Intact Rock (C.H. Dowding, ed.), April 29-30, Denver, Colorado, pp. 21-37. ASCE library

Kim, G.F., Einstein, H.H., and Logcher, R.D. (1985). Decision support system for tunneling. In: Proceedings of the ASCE Fall Convention in Detroit, Michigan, October 1985.

Adams, M., Azzouz, A.S., and Einstein, H.H. (1984). Instrumentation and Evaluation of Slurry Wall Construction. Vol. 2. Diaphragm Wall: Case Studies and Application of Finite Element Method. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. MIT report R86-07, 504 pages, June 1984. Prepared for Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research & Development, Washington, D.C. Final report No. FHWA/RD-84/054. Grant No. DOT-FH-11-9639. MIT Libraries: 000966996

Schwartz, C.W., Azzouz, A.S., and Einstein, H.H. (1983). Closure to “Example Cost Of 3‐D FEM for Underground Openings” by Charles W. Schwartz, Amr S. Azzouz, and Herbert H. Einstein (September, 1982), Geotechnical Engineering, 109 (11), 1499-1500. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1983)109:11(1499)

Einstein, H.H., Thompson, D.E., Azzouz, A.S., O’Reilly, K.P., Schultz, M.S., and Ordun, S. (1983). Comparison of five empirical tunnel classification methods – accuracy, effect of subjectivity and available information. In: Proceedings of the 5th ISRM Congress, 10-15 April, Melbourne, Australia. ISRM-5CONGRESS-1983-107

Einstein, H.H., Azzouz, A.S., McKown, A.F., and Thompson, D.E. (1983). Evaluation of design and performance – Porter Square transit station chamber lining. In: Proceedings of the Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, Chicago, Illinois, 12-16 June 1983. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1983.

Schwartz, C.W., Azzouz, A.S., and Einstein, H.H. (1982). Example Cost Of 3‐D FEM for Underground Openings, ASCE Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 108 (GT9), 1186-1186.

Einstein, H.H., and Baecher, G.B. (1982). Tunneling and Mining Engineering. In R.L. Hunter, C.J. Mann (eds.): Techniques for Determining Probabilities of Geologic Events and Processes, Chapter 3, International Association for Mathematical Geology Studies in Mathematical Geology, No. 4. Oxford University Press, 1982. ISBN: 978-0195074987

Einstein, H.H. (1981). Effects of moisture on ground control in mining and tunneling – Design and construction of tunnels in swelling rock. In: Mini Symposium on Rock Mechanics, 38 pages, 1981. Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers.

Azzouz, A.S., Einstein, H.H., and Schwartz, C.W. (1981). Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method Analysis for Design of Underground Structures. Monograph No. 18 in The Atlanta Research Chamber: Applied Research for Tunnels (D. Rose, ed.). Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation. Report No. UMTA-GA-06-0007-81-1, March 1981, 535 pages.

Ashley, D.B., Veneziano, D., Einstein, H.H., and Chan, M.H.(1981). Geological prediction and updating in tunneling. In: Proceedings of the The 22nd U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS), 29 June-2 July, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ARMA-81-0361

Schwartz, C.W., Einstein, H.H., Azzouz, A.S., and Steiner, W. (1980). Improved Design of Tunnel Supports: Final Report. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, Office of Rail and Construction Technology, Transportation Systems Center, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489. Report no. DOT-OS-60136, DOT/RSPA/DPB-50-79/10, May 1980. MIT Libraries: 000122455

Schwartz, C.W., and Einstein, H.H. (1980). Simplified analysis for ground-structure interaction in tunneling. In: Proceedings of the 21st U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS), 27-30 May, Rolla, Missouri. ARMA-80-0787

Schwartz, C.W., and Einstein, H.H. (1979). Simplified Analysis for Ground-Structure Interaction in Tunneling. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Improved Design of Tunnel Supports: Volume 1. MIT report no. R79-27, 443 pages, 1979. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489. MIT Libraries: 000075890

Schwartz, C.W., Azzouz, A.S., and Einstein, H.H. (1979). Analysis of Yielding in Ground-Structure Interaction. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Improved Design of Tunnel Supports: Volume 2. MIT report no. R79-28, 78 pages, 1979. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489. MIT Libraries: 000075803

Azzouz, A.S., Schwartz, C.W., and Einstein, H.H. (1979). Finite Element Analysis of the Peachtree Center Station in Atlanta. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Improved Design of Tunnel Supports, Volume 3. MIT report no. R79-29, 110 pages, 1979. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489. MIT Libraries: 000076147

Steiner, W., Einstein, H.H., and Azzouz, A.S. (1979). Tunneling Practices in Austria and Germany. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Improved Design of Tunnel Supports, Volume 4. MIT report no. R79-30, 475 pages, 1979. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489. MIT Libraries: 000075935

Steiner, W., and Einstein, H.H. (1979). Empirical Methods in Rock Tunneling – Review and Recommendations. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Improved Design of Tunnel Supports: Volume 5, 1979. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, under Contract no. DOT-TSC-1489.

Einstein, H.H., Steiner, W., and Baecher, G.B. (1979). Assessment of empirical design methods for tunnels in rock. In: Proceedings of the 4th Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, 18-21 June 1979, v.1, pp. 683-706. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1979.

Einstein, H.H., and Schwartz, C.W. (1979). Simplified analysis for tunnel supports. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 105 (4), 499-518.

Einstein, H.H., Azzouz, A.S., Schwartz, C.W., and Steiner, W. (1979). Improved Design of Tunnel Supports: Executive Summary. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, Office of Rail and Construction Technology, Transportation Systems Center. Report No. UMTA-MA-06-0100-79-15, 49 pages, December 1979.

Einstein, H.H. (1979). Tunneling in swelling rock. Underground Space, 4, 51-61.

Ashley, D.B., Tse, E.C., and Einstein, H.H. (1979). Advantages and limitations of adaptable tunnel design-construction methods. In: Proceedings of the 4th Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, 18-21 June 1979, v.2, pp. 989-1011. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1979.

Einstein, H.H., and Schwartz, C.W. (1978). Improvement of ground-support performance by full consideration of ground displacements. Transportation Research Record, 684, 14-20.

Einstein, H.H., Labreche, D.A., Markow, M.J., and Baecher, G.B. (1978). Decision analysis applied to rock tunnel exploration. Engineering Geology, 12, 143-161. doi:10.1016/0013-7952(78)90008-X

Einstein, H.H. (1978). Observational tunnel design-construction methods in the U.S. In: Proceedings of Shotcrete for Underground Support III, Engineering Support Conference, At. Anton am Arlberg, Austria, April 16-21, 1978.

Einstein, H.H., Markow, M.J., and Chew, K. (1977). Assessing the value of exploration for underground gas storage caverns. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Storage in Excavated Rock Caverns (Rockstore 77), Stockholm, Sweden, 5–8 September 1977. Also in: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 16 (4), 83. doi:10.1016/0148-9062(79)91268-3

Einstein, H.H. (1977). Observational methods in tunnel design and construction. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference on D.O.T. Research and Development in Tunneling Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, October 6-7, 1977.

Labreche, D.A., Markow, M.J., and Einstein, H.H. (1976). Decision analysis applied to rock tunnel exploration. In: Proceedings of the 19th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS), 1-3 May, Reno, Nevada. ARMA-76-0395

Blekke, T.L., Einstein, H.H., and Mason, R.E. (1976). State of the Art Review on Shotcrete: Final Report. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Contract Report S-76-4, 119 pages, June 1976. Prepared for Office of Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, Washington, D.C., under Contract no. DACA 39-74-M-0371 and DACA 39-75-M-0082. UNT Digital Library

Lindner, E., Einstein, H.H., and Vanmarcke, E.H. (1975). Exploration: its evaluation in hard rock tunnels. In: Proceedings of the 16th U.S Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS), 22-24 September, Minneapolis, Minnesota. ARMA-75-205

Moavenzadeh, F., Einstein, H.H., Vick, S.G., and Markow, M.J. (1974). Tunnel Cost Model: Professional Papers, 1974. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering. Number 3 in a series on tunnel construction prepared for Research Applied to National Needs (RANN) Program, National Science Foundation. MIT reports P74-4. Geologic model for a tunnel cost model [Einstein & Vick]. P74-5. Tunnel cost model [Fred Moavenzadeh, et al.]. P75-1. Simulation model for tunnel construction costs [Moavenzadeh & Markow]. P75-3. A probabilistic approach to geologic investigation for hard-rock tunnels [Einstein & Vick]. MIT Libraries: 000019601

Einstein, H.H., and Vick, S.G. (1974). A probabilistic approach to geologic investigation for hard-rock tunnels. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics, Denver, Colorado, September 1974.

Einstein, H.H., and Vick, S.G. (1974). Geological model for a tunnel cost model. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conference, San Francisco, California, June 24-27, 1974.